Kyoto is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Japan. As it served as Japan’s capital for over a thousand years, historical buildings and traditional culture remain deeply rooted in the city. I personally love Kyoto and have visited more than ten times. I find the charm of the city in temple-hopping and enjoying the town’s atmosphere. However, in recent years, the increasing number of tourists has raised concerns about overtourism. In this article, I will introduce Kyoto in detail, covering its history, access, tourist spots, local cuisine, and souvenirs.
１．History of Kyoto
Kyoto has been the center of Japan since it was established as Heian-kyo in 794. Many temples and shrines were built over the centuries, fostering Japan’s traditional culture. Even today, remnants of this history can be seen throughout the city, allowing visitors to experience history just by walking around.
２．Access to Kyoto
From Tokyo
By Shinkansen, it takes about 2 hours and 30 minutes from Tokyo Station to Kyoto Station. If traveling by plane, you will need to go through Kansai International Airport or Itami Airport, but the Shinkansen is generally more convenient.
From Osaka
By Shinkansen, it takes about 15 minutes. If taking JR or Hankyu Railway, it takes around 30 to 40 minutes. A day trip from Osaka to Kyoto is entirely feasible.
３．Major Tourist Attractions
① Kiyomizu-dera Temple
Famous for its wooden stage, which offers a stunning panoramic view of Kyoto city. The temple is especially beautiful during cherry blossom season in spring and autumn foliage season. The surrounding area is lined with souvenir shops and restaurants, making it a great place for a leisurely stroll.
②Kinkaku-ji (Golden Pavilion)
Formally known as Rokuon-ji, this temple is famous for its golden exterior. The sight of the golden structure reflecting on the mirror-like pond is breathtaking. In winter, the temple’s snow-covered appearance is exceptionally beautiful.
③Fushimi Inari Taisha Shrine
Known for its thousands of vermilion torii gates forming the famous “Senbon Torii” (thousand torii gates). The mystical atmosphere attracts many visitors. Climbing up the mountain from the main shrine leads to scenic viewpoints of Kyoto.
④Ginkaku-ji (Silver Pavilion)
Unlike Kinkaku-ji, Ginkaku-ji has a subtle yet refined beauty. The temple features a famous Zen rock garden, creating a serene and contemplative atmosphere.
⑤Arashiyama
Home to the iconic Bamboo Grove and Togetsukyo Bridge, this area offers a quintessential Kyoto experience. The Sagano Scenic Railway (Torokko Train) provides stunning views of the surrounding nature.
⑥Nijo Castle
Built by Tokugawa Ieyasu, this castle is known for its opulent sliding door paintings and “nightingale floors” that squeak when walked on as a security measure. A must-visit for history lovers.
World Heritage Site Former Imperial Villa Nijo-jo Castle (Nijo-jo)
⑦Gion
Kyoto’s famous geisha district, with traditional townhouses lining the cobbled streets. In the evening, you might even spot a maiko or geiko (geisha), adding to the Kyoto atmosphere.
⑧Byodo-in Temple
This temple is featured on the 10-yen coin. Its Phoenix Hall, resembling a bird spreading its wings, and its picturesque Pure Land Garden make for a stunning sight.
⑨To-ji Temple
Home to Kyoto’s tallest five-story pagoda. On the 21st of each month, the temple hosts the “Kobo Market,” where antique goods and Kyoto specialties are sold, drawing many visitors.
拝観のご案内｜東寺 – 世界遺産 真言宗総本山 教王護国寺（Japanese only）
⑩Nanzen-ji Temple
A renowned Zen temple famous for its massive Sanmon gate. Nearby is “Suirokaku,” a red brick aqueduct that serves as a popular photo spot.
臨済宗大本山 南禅寺 公式サイト :: 南禅寺（Japanese only）
４．Kyoto’s Local Cuisine
Kyoto’s food culture is deeply rooted in history, centering on traditional Japanese cuisine. However, personally, I don’t have high expectations for meals in Kyoto. That being said, matcha sweets are exceptional, making Kyoto a paradise for those who love desserts.
①Yudofu (Tofu Hot Pot)
A simple yet flavorful dish, perfect for Kyoto’s cold winters. The tofu is simmered in kombu broth and enjoyed with ponzu sauce or condiments. The area around Nanzen-ji is famous for this dish.
②Hitsumabushi (Grilled Eel Rice Bowl)
A specialty of the Kansai region, this dish features finely chopped grilled eel served over rice, with various condiments and a dashi broth for added flavors.
③Kaiseki Cuisine
Kyoto’s signature fine dining experience, featuring beautifully arranged seasonal ingredients. Though quite expensive, it’s perfect for special occasions.
④Matcha Sweets
Uji matcha-based sweets like parfaits and soft-serve ice cream are must-tries. The rich and balanced sweetness of matcha desserts makes them irresistible. Personally, I always make sure to have a matcha parfait when visiting Kyoto.
５．Kyoto Souvenirs
①Nama Yatsuhashi
A famous Kyoto confection with a chewy texture. It comes in various flavors, but my favorite is the classic cinnamon (nikki) flavor.
②Ajari Mochi
My top recommendation for Kyoto souvenirs. The soft and chewy outer layer encases a delicately sweet red bean paste, making it an addictive treat.
Both Nama Yatsuhashi and Ajari Mochi have a short shelf life, so they might not be ideal for taking back home. However, I highly recommend trying them during your trip.
阿闍梨餅本舗 京菓子司 -満月-（Japanese only）
６．Overtourism Issues
In recent years, Kyoto has been struggling with overtourism, with an overwhelming number of visitors affecting local life. Public buses, essential for residents, are often overcrowded with tourists, making daily commutes difficult for locals.
Kyoto is currently implementing measures to spread tourism more evenly. While I want foreign visitors to fully enjoy Kyoto, I hope they can be mindful of these issues and cooperate where possible.
Kyoto is a city filled with historical charm and beauty. Every visit brings new discoveries, making it a place worth returning to again and again. However, due to the high number of tourists, I recommend starting your day early or visiting on weekdays to enjoy a more relaxed experience. I hope you have a wonderful time exploring Kyoto’s rich traditions and breathtaking scenery.
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